Antonio Orlando was arrested after police discovered his luxury hideout in the outskirts of Naples, a southern Italian city that is the traditional home of the mafia group.
The 60-year-old mafioso had continued to issue orders to subordinates during his decade and a half on the run, police said.
Police discovered Orlando in an apartment in the municipality of Mugnano di Napoli. Local media reported that the hideout was equipped with a sun shower, a tanning machine, and a sauna.
Officers burst in to find Orlando in the process of destroying fake identity documents and preparing to move to another hideout, Naples-based newspaper Il Mattino reported.
Agents discovered €6,000 (US$ 6,794) in cash, as well as messages received from Orlando’s lieutenants during his time in hiding.